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The Commission for Organizing the Party of the Working People of Ethiopia (in Amharic: ''yaʼityoṗyā saretoʼadaroc̆ pārti ʼadarāj komišen''), generally known by its English acronym COPWE, was a political organization in Ethiopia.〔Clapham Christopher. ''(Transformation and Continuity in Revolutionary Ethiopia )''. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988. p. 69〕 COPWE was a preparty organization, it had the task of preparing the Ethiopian people for creation of a Communist Party.〔〔Ottaway, Marina. ''(Soviet and American Influence in the Horn of Africa )''. New York, N.Y.: Praeger, 1982. p. 〕〔Mammo, Tirfe. ''(The Paradox of Africa's Poverty: The Role of Indigenous Knowledge, Traditional Practices and Local Institutions: the Case of Ethiopia )''. Lawrenceville, NJ (): Red Sea Press, 1999. p. 126〕 In the absence of a Communist Party, COPWE functioned as a temporary replacement of the party that it would create.〔 ==Founding== The founding of COPWE was preceded by the banning of political organizations.〔Abraham, Kinfe. ''(Ethiopia, from Bullets to the Ballot Box: The Bumpy Road to Democracy and the Political Economy of Transition )''. Lawrenceville, NJ: Red Sea Press, 1994. p. 87〕 The foundation of COPWE was declared through the proclamation 174 of the Derg military junta issued on December 17, 1979. Mengistu Haile Mariam was appointed as the chairman of the new organization.〔Shinn, David H., and Thomas P. Ofcansky. ''(Historical Dictionary of Ethiopia )''. Lanham, MD: Scarecrow Press, 2004. p. 92-93〕 Mengistu declared the formation of COPWE in radio and television broadcasts on the same date. In his speech Mengistu stated that the Derg had always been aware of the need for a vanguard party, but that conditions had been lacking so far.〔Keller, Edmond J. ''(Revolutionary Ethiopia: From Empire to People's Republic )''. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1991. p. 201〕 COPWE would popularize Marxism-Leninism throughout the country, combat feudalism, imperialism and bureaucratic capitalism and lead the people towards socialism.〔 The proclamation that formed COPWE vested all powers in hands of the chairman Mengistu. Mengistu would be authorized to appoint members of the Central Committee, the Executive Committee (which later became the Politburo) and the Secretariat. Mengistu was empowered to issue rules for admission of individual members.〔Clapham Christopher. ''(Transformation and Continuity in Revolutionary Ethiopia )''. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988. pp. 70-71〕 A party press was established, the party newspaper ''Serto Ader'' and the theoretical journal ''Meskerem''.〔Clapham Christopher. ''(Transformation and Continuity in Revolutionary Ethiopia )''. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988. p. 76〕〔 The formation of COPWE was the culmination of the struggle between the Derg military junta and its political allies, a struggle that had taken place within Provisional Office for Mass Organizational Affairs (POMOA) and the Union of Ethiopian Marxist-Leninist Organizations (''Imadelih''). Compared to its predecessors, COPWE was something of a hybrid. It was in part a government department like POMOA (created through a government proclamation and funded through the state treasury) as well as a supposedly voluntary association like Imadelih.〔Tiruneh, Andargachew. ''(The Ethiopian Revolution 1974-1987 : a Transformation from an Aristocratic to a Totalitarian )''. Cambridge: University of Cambridge, 1995. p. 255〕 Notably, COPWE was able to establish a party cadre that remained stable throughout its existence.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Commission for Organizing the Party of the Working People of Ethiopia」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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